Water Contaminant Treatments

Hardness (Hard Water)

Drinking Water Sources of Hardness (Hard Water)

Hard water is found over 80% of the United States. The hardness of a water supply is determined by the content of calcium and magnesium salts. Calcium and magnesium combine with bicarbonates, sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates to form these salts. The standard domestic measurement for hardness is grains per gallon (gpg) as CaCO3. Water having a hardness content less than 0.6 gpg is considered commercially soft. The calcium and magnesium salts, which form hardness, are divided into two categories: 1) Temporary Hardness (containing carbonates), and 2) Permanent Hardness (containing non-carbonates).

Treatment of Hardness (Hard Water)

Softeners can remove compensated hardness up to a practical limit of 100 gpg. If the hardness is above 30 gpg or the sodium to hardness ratio is greater than 33%, then economy salt settings cannot be used. If the hardness is high, then the sodium will be high after softening, and may require that reverse osmosis be used for producing drinking water.

Water Filtration Solutions To Address Hardness (Hard Water)

Other Contaminants

Acidic Water
Aluminum
Arsenic
Bacteria
Barium
Benzene
Borate (Boron)
Bromine (Bromide)
Cadmium
Calcium
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloramine
Chloride
Chlorine
Chromium
Color
Copper
Cryptosporidium
Cyanide
Fluoride
Giardia Lamblia
Hardness (Hard Water)
Hydrogen Sulfide
Iron
Lead
Legionella
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Methane
Microplastics
Nickel
Nitrate
Nitrite
Odor
Organics
pH
Pesticides
Potassium
Radium
Radon
Selenium
Silica
Silver
SOC's
Sodium
Strontium
Sulfate
Taste
THMs
TOC
Total Dissolved Solids
Turbidity
Uranium
Viruses
VOCs